Multiobjective Optimization-Aided Metamaterials-by-Design With Application to Highly Directive Nanodevices

A formal inverse design procedure which combines the advantageous aspects of both multiobjective optimization and system-by-design is proposed. The solution technique provides a systematic method to discover the various tradeoffs inherent in engineering design. To showcase the robustness and flexibility of the proposed approach, two unique highly directive nanodevices are explored. First, the problem of achieving highly directive scattering from core-shell nanoparticles is investigated. Then, a Yagi-Uda nanoloop array is designed with the goal of producing highly directive radiation patterns. The results of these studies reveal the underlying physics of these devices while also providing the engineer with a wide variety of candidate designs to choose from, showcasing the utility of the proposed metamaterials-by-design approach based on multiobjective optimization.