Determination of optimum construction of the ultrasonic radiator for cavitation-acoustic intensification of the absorption processes by mathematical and computer modeling methods

The separation of gas mixtures both existing in nature and generating as a result of any chemical reaction is one of the necessary stages of the production of oxidizers, inert or combustion gases, which are applied in industry, technic, medicine and in autonomous life support systems. The article proposes the method of efficiency increase of gas separation based on the use of ultrasonic action for the absorption intensification of specific-purpose gas component by liquid medium. According to this method powerful acoustic and ultrasonic vibrations (with the frequency of 20...250 kHz) are introduced by the solid-state radiator into flowing liquid film (absorbent). They are cavitation bubbles, which periodically extend and collapse forming microscopic shock waves with the impulses of pressure of up to 1000 atmospheres. Shock waves lead to the generation of stable capillary waves on the interface “liquid-gas” that allows enlarging the area of interphase boundary in 2 times and more. To provide maximum efficiency of action on “liquid-gas” system the construction of the ultrasonic radiator with the tube working tool is designed. On the base of developed physical and mathematical model of interphase surface enlargement under the action of cavitation it is determined that the construction of the radiator should operate at the frequency of 20...25 kHz at the amplitude of 1...2 micron. The optimum geometric parameters of the construction are determined by computer modeling of finite element method, and it is ascertained, that maximum sound pressure in liquid media is provided at the horn diameter at the attaching point of the working tool to the concentrator of 60 mm.