5G E-band backhaul system evaluations: Focus on moving objects and outdoor to indoor transmission

It is expected that small cells will carry more than half of the total traffic in 5G, resulting in a huge increase of wireless backhaul traffic. To successfully design and deploy the mmW backhaul system, it is essential to evaluate the performance in different scenarios, also links installed in low human height-level elevations. We report a recent 5G E-band backhaul system measurement campaign focusing on the effects of vehicles passing across and pedestrian walking along the line-of-sight, and outdoor to indoor penetration loss. With the car roofs and humans moving in the same height or a bit lower than the radio LOS, their impact on the radio signal is clearly seen but is not detrimental. By introducing small changes in height, the impact can be reduced from 12 dB to 3.4 dB. The range of penetration losses of modern glass is from 5 dB to 39 dB.