Prospects of sustainable ADHD treatment through Brain-Computer Interface systems

Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurological condition characterized by cognitive task difficulty, impulsivity/hyperactivity and loss of focus. Neurofeedback (NF) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for ADHD, where a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) employing electroencephalography (EEG) is used. This paper presents a review of 23 studies on BCI-based ADHD treatment; 15 contemporary studies from the years 1996 to 2015 along with 8 pioneer researches have been analysed. Studies with participants from various age groups and ethnicities have been targeted in this review. Different BCI strategies that use Sensorimotor Rhythm, Theta/Beta ratio and Slow Cortical Potential as signal analysis protocols were observed. The results of the review were integrated and the relevance/forte and limitations were evaluated. Based upon the findings procured, the prospects of BCI systems for NF therapy as a treatment strategy for ADHD were explored.