Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Efficient intrabody biosensor communication using ultrasonic wave propagation

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles

Efficient Intrabody Biosensor Communication Using Ultrasonic Wave Propagation
by Hadeel Elayan, Raed M. Shubair, and Nawaf Almoosa
in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Bio-engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART), December 2016

After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.

This article contains significant portions of text from the article cited below that were paraphrased without attribution.

Challenges and Implications of Using Ultrasonic Communications in Intra-body Area Networks
by Laura Galluccio, Tommaso Melodia, Sergio Palazzo, Giuseppe Enrico Santagati
in the Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference on Wireless On-Demand Network Systems and Services (WONS), January 2012

Opto-ultrasonic Communications for Wireless Intra-body Nanonetworks
by G. Enrico Santagati, Tommaso Melodia
in Nano Communication Networks, Vol 5, Issue 1-2, October 2013, pp. 3-14

"Ultrasonic Networking for e-Health Applications,"
by G. Enrico Santagati, Tommaso Melodia, Laura Galluccio, Sergio Palazzo
in IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, Vol. 20, No. 4, August 2013, pp. 74-81


This paper presents a novel approach for intra-body biosensor communication through ultrasonic wave propagation. The proposed system utilizes acoustic waves operating in the ultrasonic frequency band. An ultrasonic system is attractive in comparison to a radio frequency system since ultrasonic waves propagate efficiently through the human body. The paper presents a general description of the ultrasonic intra-body communication channel including the key features of ultrasonic transducers. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves are discussed including attenuation, reflection, and multipath propagation effects. Moreover, the noise effect is modeled in order to understand the statistical behavior of the channel. Finally, the health implications associated with the ultrasonic propagation medium are illustrated. Our findings affirm the feasibility of using ultrasonic waves as a mechanism for intra-body communication, which is one of the key enablers of future healthcare systems. This work lays out the foundation to design reliable and efficient communication systems operating at the ultrasonic frequency.