Two-dimensional beam scanning of optical antenna by circular waffle waveguide

This paper proposes a two-dimensional beam scanning of optical antenna by waffle waveguide on a silicon wafer. The beam in azimuth is steered by changing the input direction of propagating wave into waveguide. Four silicon wires are excited with phase difference to switch the propagating direction. The elevation beam angle is steered by sweeping input wavelength of leaky waffle waveguide. The design of leaky waveguide and beam switching method are presented for 2-D beam scanning.