Understanding European forest radio propagation dynamics with in and out of forest transmitters

In this paper we study the propagation characteristics of a typical central European forest. Radio propagation dynamics of forests should be better understood as performance of military applications, vehicular networks, and sensor deployments depend on radio performance. The measurement campaign we have conducted covered the frequencies of 750MHz and 2170MHz including two different transmitter locations (inside and outside the forest). We have also studied significantly longer link distances than usually reported in the literature. In this paper we report the spatial correlation structure of the shadow fading field for the different cases. Based on our studies we question the isotropic assumption of the shadowing field typically used in the literature.