DRADS: Depth and Reliability Aware Delay Sensitive Routing Protocol for Underwater WSNs

In this paper, we propose depth and reliability aware delay sensitive (DRADS) routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). We take motivation from underwater opportunistic routing (UWOR) protocol which introduces a new E E L|success (Fi) metric, i.e., the expected end-to-end latency from sender node i to sink. We consider two flaws in UWOR. First, in UWOR protocol, sensor node forwards the data packets to forwarder node which have higher reliability link (E E Lα%), neglecting the depth of the forwarder node, which results in more hop counts. The coordination time of forwarder node's cluster is second flaw which increases the end-to-end latency. Therefore, we modify E E L|success (Fi) metric and introduce depth aware routing in DRADS. It performs reliable routing because, it is based on opportunistic routing (OR) scheme. Simulation results show 10% better energy utilization and 12% better network goodput as compared to UWOR.