Co-prime linear arrays with dipole elements

In this paper, we study the characteristics of linear co-prime arrays (CPAs) from an array factor (AF) perspective. We start by deriving an exact expression for the array factor and compare it with the approximate formula in [1] as well as that of a uniform linear array (ULA). This is followed by comparing the AF of CPA of ideal (isotropic) elements with an actual implementation considering Dipole elements. The exact derivation of the CPA AF as well as the consideration of dipole elements shows a direct effect on the HPBW and SLL which is expected to affect the direction of arrival performance.