AoA assisted localization for underwater Ad-Hoc sensor networks

In this paper, We propose angle of arrival (AoA) assisted localization scheme for underwater Ad-Hoc sensor networks in 2-D and 3-D. This scheme estimates distances from sensor nodes to anchor nodes via multi-hops with the help of AoA measurements. By forwarding distance at each node hop-by-hop, the distance estimations can be flooded to the whole network. Once a sensor node got distance estimations from at least three (in 2-D) or four (3-D) anchor nodes, the location of the sensor node is calculated. Comparing to the existing localization schemes in Ad-Hoc networks: DV-distance, DV-hop, and Euclidean propagation, the simulation results show that our proposed method improves localization accuracy significantly while keeping high localization coverage.