Influences of surface effect and nonlocal effect on nanobridges bent by a force at an arbitrary axial position

Surface effect and nonlocal effect are incorporated into classical Euler beam equation to study the static bending behavior of nanobridges. The generalized Young-Laplace equation and core-shell model are used to model the surface effect. The nonlocal effect is introduced in bending moment equation. Results show that a positive surface tension causes the nanobridge more difficult to bend while the nonlocal effect causes the nanobridge easier to bend. Moreover, the influences of the surface effect and the nonlocal effect on the nanobridge bending behavior are found to be dependent of the applied force position. This study indicates the importance of the excitation force position in the characterizations and applications of nanobridges.