Reversible authentication scheme based on prediction-error expansion with compound symbolic chaos

In this paper, a reversible authentication scheme based on prediction-error expansion (PEE) is proposed. Firstly, the compound symbolic chaos sequence as well as image block pixel bits and position-bits are input into a hash function to produce hash-bits. Then exclusive-or operation, between the label-bits taken from the chaos sequence and hash-bits, is performed to generate the check bits, which are embedded into the image as short watermarking using PEE method. For each block, the observations are achieved by compressed sensing (CS), which are registered in the intellectual property rights (IPR) database as long watermarking. At receiver side, image integrity authentication and tamper localization are determined by the generated label-bits. The blocks without being tampered can be recovered reversibly to original state, and the tampered blocks can be restored using CS reconstruction algorithm with the extracted long watermarking. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed scheme outperforms some state-of-the-art similar schemes.