Practical limit of synthetic inertia in full converter wind turbine generators: Simulation approach

The massive integration of wind power using power converters has imposed several challenges to the future power system. One of them is related to the decoupling effect of new power sources from the AC power grid, incapacitating their natural frequency response. This situation negatively affects the system frequency response (SFR). This aim of this paper is to establish the practical limits of synthetic inertia gain in the inertia controller used in full converter wind turbine generators. Time-domain simulations using a simple test system are used for illustrative purposes in this paper. This paper considers full converter wind turbine (FCWT) - Type 4 using direct-drive (DD) permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate there is a limit of the inertia controller gain (Hsyn) and its relationship with the real wind turbine inertia constant (HWTG).