Multiple zonal approach for clustered wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), energy consumption is a major factor that alter the metric of network life time. Reducing energy consumption during communication between nodes is a major issue to consider in designing a wireless sensor network. A vast majority of WSN routing protocols are focusing on energy efficiency. Clustering remains the most efficient routing approach used in WSN. However, latterly, clustering algorithms have shown their limitation in extending the network lifespan. Some clustering approaches in wireless sensor networks require impartial spread of dissipated energy in order to prolong the lifetime of sensor node. In this paper, we proposed a new clustering approach MZ-LEACH based on multiple triangle zones distribution and LEACH protocol. The proposed approach creates properly multiple partitioned triangle zones and provides appropriately a well cluster heads repartition in the network in order to improve the communication efficiency between cluster heads and the base station. Simulation results In MATLAB tool show that the proposed approach ameliorates the network lifespan and minimizes the energy consumption of the sensor nodes. An efficiency comparison of the proposed approach with LEACH protocols is performed.