Modeling and simulation of dynamic communication latency and data aggregation for wide-area applications

This paper introduces a framework to model two factors: (a) dynamic communication latency and (b) the phasor data concentrator (PDC) for wide area monitoring and control (WAMC) applications. A transport delay model is introduced to simulate continuous variations in latencies and a time synchronization algorithm is represented to mimic the effect of PDCs. The models allow the analysis of latency build-up and data aggregation that occurs at the PDC. The proposed models are used to assess the impact of these factors for a WAMC application, namely power oscillation monitoring. Numerical simulations are conducted on the IEEE 39 bus, 10 machine system assummng a PMU at each of the generator buses and across 4 tielines in the system. Modal extraction from the dynamic response using Prony analysis shows that latency has a signrncant impact on the estimates.