Near-Optimal Shaped-Beam Synthesis of Real and Coupled Antenna Arrays via 3-D-FEM and Phase Retrieval

This paper proposes the application of the phase-retrieval algorithm to the shaped-beam synthesis of real antenna arrays via convex optimization. Near-optimal solutions are obtained with this method that do not yield local minima and do not need initial points to converge. The method takes into account the real radiation pattern of the elements that make up the array and the mutual coupling between them with a matrix formulation based on the finite-element method (FEM) and the spherical wave expansion. Numerical results for microstrip and dielectric resonator antennas are presented.