A location-sizing model for electric vehicle charging station deployment based on queuing theory

Imperfect electric vehicle charging infrastructure network has become a major obstacle for prompting the adoption of electric vehicles. Kuby (2005) considered the constraint of vehicle range, and developed a location model for alternative-fueling vehicles based on maximum flow -FRLM (flow - refueling location mode). In the plan of deploying an electric vehicle charging station network, not only should we consider the vehicle range, but also need to realize the queuing issue because of the number limitation of charging spots. Therefore, when we design a charging station network, we need to take the number of charging spots into consideration. In this paper, we extend the FRLM, combining with the queuing theory, and reformulate a new location-sizing model in a given largest waiting time that customers can accept. The location-sizing model optimally allocate the charging spots without exceed the given waiting time so as to maximize the total charging service. And we also conclude the different influence on the results of different factors via a series of numerical experiments, and give some advice for the developing direction of the electric car in the future.