Multi-hop LEACH protocol with modified cluster head selection and TDMA schedule for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are collection of sensor nodes that co-operate together to monitor an environment or a system. These sensor nodes works on limited battery source, one of the factor to be consider while designing a WSNs protocol is by efficient use of available energy resources to prolong network lifetime. Studies show that one of the efficient WSNs protocol is Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy (LEACH). To modify LEACH protocol much more energy efficient, few improvements such as election of Cluster Head, assigning TDMA (Time division multiple access) slot to Cluster Members and multi hop for long distance communication were done. In this paper we propose Modified LEACH protocol for small network areas and Modified Multi hop LEACH protocol for large network areas. Simulation on LEACH, Modified LEACH and Modified Multi-hop LEACH protocol are done. Results shows that Modified LEACH have better network lifetime than LEACH protocol.