DPSO-based clustering routing algorithm for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks

Energy harvesting wireless sensor networks (EH-WSNs) have been widely used in various areas in recent years. Unlike battery-powered wireless sensor networks, EH-WSNs are powered by energy harvested from ambience. This change calls for new designs on routing protocols in EH-WSNs. This paper proposes a novel centralized clustering routing algorithm based on discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO). The base station (BS) gathers status information from all nodes, then runs a modified DPSO algorithm to find the optimal topology for wireless sensor networks. The cluster heads election and member nodes attribution are considered as an overall problem and are optimized simultaneously. Simulation results show that the DPSO-based clustering routing has stronger ability to balance energy consumption among sensor nodes in EH-WSNs and increases the network throughput by 15% than sLEACH.