All Screen-Printed Logic Gates Based on Organic Electrochemical Transistors

We report on the fabrication and characterization of entirely screen-printed integrated logic circuits based on organic electrochemical transistors on flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates. The transistors are based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) and operate at a voltage of 1.5 V. Together with screen-printed resistors, the printed transistors were used as the building blocks for inverters, NAND gates, flip-flops, and a 2-b shift register. Dynamic characterizations of these logic gates need only five different inks that reveal a high reproducibility of the measured devices' output signals. These results clearly indicate the high uniformity and reproducibility of the screen-printed transistors and resistors, emphasizing their applicability for integrated circuitry.