Low-cost end-point modular PUMA array

A simple and straight-forward PUMA array design is presented. Where earlier PUMA arrays were built using less-reliable Rogers 5880LZ material and were modular at the feed points, the presented array is manufactured using significantly fewer processing steps on more reliable Rogers 6002 or 3003 and is modular at the dipole end points. The array can achieve 3:1 operational bandwidth with VSWR <; 2 for 45-degree scans in all planes, VSWR <; 3 for 60-degree scans in all planes. The simple low-profile design is ideal for many phased array applications and is suitable for manufacturing across a wide range of frequencies with proven results up to 40GHz.