POC: An Optimization Strategy of EV Efficient Travelling

The popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) provides great help to solve the increasingly serious energy issues and environmental problems, but it also has limitation such as short driving range and long charging time. This paper proposed an optimization strategy for EVs to travel more efficiently called planed ordered charging (POC for short), that is, spending more time on driving and necessary charging instead of waiting or overcharge. An energy reachable graph is built firstly to protect vehicles from breaking down in the midway. Travel time, including driving time, charging time and waiting time, is taken as the optimization goal. The modeling and solution of travel time is presented. One of the most important contributions of this paper is the proposal of charging station load and how it can be calculated, which well describes waiting time from a macro view. Besides, reservation mechanism for charging is also introduced to achieve the global optimization. Then the planning of efficient travel can be converted to a general graph theory problem by putting time cost onto edge weight of the graph. According to the simulation and experiment, the strategy proposed in this paper is superior to other compared strategies in many aspects.