Comparative analysis of location and zone based routing in VANET with IEEE802.11p in city scenario

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging category of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). It is a collection of vehicles rather than mobile nodes to communicate with other vehicles and road side infrastructure units. Because of constraint road patterns and very high speed of vehicles, routing is a challenge in VANET. Most of the authors analyzed the performance of topology based routing protocols. This paper analyzed the performance of location aided routing (LAR) and zone routing protocol (ZRP) geographical protocols for city environment. Real time traces of vehicular movements are generated using a traffic simulator-VanetMobiSim with intelligent driver model (IDM). Packet delivery ratio, throughput, average delay, normalized routing load and lost packet ratio metrics are used to evaluate the performance of LAR and ZRP using ns2 along with IEEE802.11p. The analysis of results is performed using AWK programming script.