Real-time distributed power optimization in the DC microgrids of shipboard power systems

Distributed control will play an important role in the shipboard power systems flexibility and will ensure the achievable system objectives. Distributed control has been widely used for low voltage DC microgrids. However, they are still limited to modeling the system for the power sharing solution instead of presenting an adequate configuration of distributed control in both power and energy control levels. In this paper, a practical power and energy management architecture for the ship power system is defined, and a real-time distributed optimization is developed based on particle swarm optimization for the power controller parameter's optimization.