Miniaturization of a Microstrip Antenna by Using Transformation Electromagnetics

In this letter, a rectangular microstrip antenna operating on the X-band (10 GHz) is miniaturized using transformation electromagnetics. Considering the characteristics of this technique, it is assumed that the antenna's length, width, and height are reduced independently or simultaneously while maintaining the resonant frequency. In order to validate this assumption, a full-wave simulation is utilized and the frequency responses are provided. The results confirm that the overall size of the antenna is decreased by 50% while the 10-dB return loss bandwidth is increased by 34% (0.61 to 0.82 GHz).