Problem-solving mismatching losses of photovoltaic (PV) system under partially shaded conditions

One of the recent concerns in the photovoltaic (PV) system practice is solving the mismatching losses due to the partially shaded conditions. Mismatching problems mean that the I–V and P-V curves between the shaded and non-shaded parts of PV module are totally different. Under mismatching condition, multiple local peaks can be observed in the PV module characteristics which pose difficulties for controllers to track the maximum point. To overcome such problems, current injection method is used to compensate the output current of the shaded part. The amount of injected current and to which part of this current being injected are determined by utilizing the intelligent network by means of Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The proposed method is always end up with single local maximum point that makes the optimum point can be easily identified using conventional controller.