Historical perspectives on commercial and non-military government space applications of microwave systems in the Baltimore/Washington area

The Baltimore/Washington area has made significant contributions to commercial and non-military government space applications of microwaves. These include especially (both for experimental/proof-of-concept and for operation), design of communications satellite systems, satellites, payloads and hardware, and satellites for remote sensing, their payload and some hardware, and radiowave propagation on the slant (Earth-satellite) path. Unique contributions include the ATS-6 satellite, the discovery and characterization of Gigahertz ionospheric scintillation, possibly the first electronically steerable phased array and the invention and implementation of the waveguide multimode filter.