Identification of electric power system stress through feeder voltage measurement

Demand side management (DSM) has become important for energy conservation and power system control. This paper proposes a technique that could be integrated into smart meters to identify two types of stress occurring within the electric power system across all three voltage levels, namely: high voltage (HV), medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV). Unlike other centralized approaches for smart grid control which are communication based, this technique only needs the voltage measurement from the local feeder and doesn't require real-time communication with a central controller. This technique uses the frequency to determine the HV network stress condition. For the MV level, a classification approach is used to detect switching events associated with the on-load tap changer (OLTC) transformer at the 33/11 kV substation; this allows the MV network's stress to be inferred. While the voltage behavior in the LV network is masked by the OLTC switching events in the MV network, this technique can unwind the effect of the tap changes and represent a real voltage behavior of the voltage measurement location. Knowledge of stresses occurring on all three levels would help to inform a strategy for DSM.