Reserve quantification in insular power systems with high wind penetration

The determination of reserves in a power system with high wind penetration is necessary to maintain the system balance in an economic way, especially in insular power systems where no interconnections to neighboring systems exist. This paper addresses the problem of quantifying the amount of spinning and non-spinning load-following reserves required for the normal operation of an insular power system using a two-stage stochastic optimization modeling framework. First stage (here-and-now) decisions represent the day-ahead scheduling performed by the System Operator, while the various realizations of the real-time operation of the power system modeled through a set of wind generation scenarios are second-stage (wait-and-see) decisions. Energy and reserves are jointly optimized. Test results from the application of the proposed model in the insular power system of Crete, Greece, are presented and thoroughly discussed.