A Data Compression Algorithm for the Sea Route Monitoring with Wireless Sensor Network

The wireless sensor network plays a significant role in monitoring the environment near the harbour in order to inform the ships nearby out of dangers and to optimize the utilization of limited sea routes. Based on the historical data collected by the buoys with sensing capacities, a novel data compression algorithm named PCVQ is introduced to lower the budget of wireless communication subject to the constrains of data precision. The principal components of the sensing data are analyzed. With such principal components and statistics of the historical data, the optimal codebook is acquired by the technology of vector quantization. The on-line data are decomposed with the historical principal component coefficients, and then compressed according to the optimal codebook. The PCVQ algorithm is verified with the practical data in Qinhuangdao Port of China, which is a novel exploration in the sea route monitoring.