Scan behavior of U-slot microstrip patch phased array antennas

Ultra-wideband (UWB) phased arrays are increasingly used in radar and medical applications. The scan behavior of 5×5 planar phased arrays using different patch orientations and U-slot topologies is examined for ε
_r
= 2.2 substrate. Results indicate that, in addition to low mutual coupling, symmetrical patch orientations, U-slot topologies and feed lines should be sought in the design of U-slot microstrip patch phased array antennas to achieve good scan performance with low cross-polarization.