Markov modeling of slow fading in wireless mobile channels at 1.9 GHz

A Markov model is constructed for the slow-fade characteristics of a wireless mobile channel in a city environment at 1.9 GHz. A signal trace is first generated based on a prescribed driving pattern and a measurement database. This trace is then divided into states according to its magnitude and a state transition matrix is constructed by examining the frequency of state transitions. Our results show that the statistical properties including cumulative density function, level crossing rate, and power spectrum of the sequences generated from such Markov model are in good agreement with those of the original signal trace.