Smart Antenna approach in underwater Acoustic Sensor Network using OFDM: A review

In this paper, the underwater Acoustic Sensor Network for static and mobile nodes are reviewed, where acoustic links can established between two or more nodes for communication or data transmission. Acoustic links were used in place of RF signal for underwater communication, since RF signal attenuate rapidly under the water and optical communication is only suitable for short distance communication. The acoustic transmission also transmit the surrounding Noise along with the data, which can be solved using OFDM spread spectrum technique, which work efficiently when noise is spread over a large portion of available bandwidth. Lots of recent improvements in technologies are increased in development and deployment of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network (UWASN). Since the deployment efforts of an underwater sensor network prohibitive momentary cost and high power consumption of exiting acoustic hardware. This paper reviewed further for fast wireless transmission technique, where propagation delay can be minimized and data transmission rate can be increased up to 10 Mbps to 1 Gbps, which can be possible using Smart Antenna approach. So here we further proposed the software solution of underwater sensor network which acoustically communicate within mobile nodes under the water and high data transmission rate can be achieved using OFDM and Smart Antenna approach.