Discrete Time Evolution of Proteomic Biomarkers

We measured a panel of 12 cytokines in seven different populations: i.e., healthy non-smokers, healthy smokers, COPD, Aden carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. From these 12 biomarkers of host response to lung disease we have developed a computational and visual model that reliably distinguishes these clinical types. Protein biomarker behavior models are developed as the topological evolution of linear discrete systems from changes in patient protein sample concentrations.