Motion-compensated coding: Some new results

In earlier papers, we have presented motion-compensated television coding schemes in which the displacement of objects was recursively estimated using a steepest descent algorithm that minimized the square of the intensity prediction error at each picture element. In this paper, we present extensions in which displacement is estimated by considering the prediction error at several picture elements. These extensions are more complex, but they significantly improve the performance of the displacement estimation in those cases where the displacement is spatially uniform. However, in real scenes containing large spatial variations of displacement, only a small improvement is obtained. For one scene containing a head-and-shoulders view of a person engaged in active conversation, an improvement of about 10 percent in average bit rate was obtained over our previous motion-compensation scheme.