A Clustering Solution for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Energy Distribution & Genetic Algorithm

In a wireless sensor network (WSN), many researchers proved that the clustering technique improves the longevity of the network. But the load of handling traffic increases on the nodes which are closer to the sink or the base station (BS), as it has to carry others traffic along with its own towards the BS and depletes more energy which causes network holes. The power transmitted by the nodes could be controllable and each sensor can transmit directly to the BS but the farthest nodes consume more power and die earlier. Here we develop an efficient clustering technique in which cluster heads (CH) are formed and are supposed to send the data to the BS and the role of CH is changed in each rotation. The finalization of the CH is based on the energy distribution and its selection procedure is optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). The results show that with this approach the stable operating period increases and is compared with probabilistic and EC algorithm.