Spatial memory in a virtual arena: Human virtual analogue of the Morris water maze

The assessment of cognitive functions represents a crucial step in the diagnostics and therapy of mental disorders such as schizophrenia. To assess spatial learning, mental flexibility and working memory using a test applicable in clinical research, we designed virtual analogue of the spatial animal task: the Morris water maze (MWM). The task of the tested subject was simply to find and remember several hidden goal positions placed in an enclosed circular arena. Data obtained in 30 schizophrenia patients show cognitive deficit in the newly-developed virtual task in comparison to healthy volunteers, indicating its possible application as a tool for diagnostics or remediation of cognitive functions.