Model-based method for partially shaded PV modules Hot Spot Suppression

Hot Spot Suppression is a new method to operate a PV module that prevents the formation of hot spots without the need for bypass diodes. By comparing the operating voltage, current and temperature to an intrinsic I(V) model based on calibrated flash test data, Hot Spot Suppression determines the solar modules' shading condition and, if required, seeks a new operating power point that reduces the formation of hot spots on shaded cells. Hot Spot Suppression works in concert with a model-based Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm to seek the best operating point for maximum output power while limiting stress on shaded cells on the solar module. Theoretical and experimental results show that the power density dissipated in the shaded cell(s) is reduced by a factor of four when the operating conditions are determined by Hot Spot Suppression.