Effectiveness of a building energy management system for the integration of net zero energy buildings into the grid and for providing tertiary control reserve

Renewable energy sources as well as heat pumps become more important in the building sector. To analyze the operation of these units in a net zero-energy office building (nZEB), a case study was performed by Daikin Europe NV and Athoka GmbH. Thereby, a sufficient energy management system is used to coordinate the power supply and demand. For this reason, the effectiveness of the energy management system is analyzed in the daily office routine at the test lab. The paper shows how the nZEB-goal can be achieved. Furthermore, the potential for the use of a thermal energy storage is considered with the aim of increasing the own consumption of the photovoltaic-yield and thus, to increase the cost efficiency and to homogenize the energy exchange between the building and the power grid. Finally, the economic potential of the provision of control reserve for the transmission system will be evaluated using the nZEB's equipment.