Effective energy consumption on wireless sensor networks: Survey and challenges

A wireless sensor network consists of a group of embedded devices called sensor nodes reading, computing and reporting data to the base station. The applications of wireless sensor networks are promising to make our lives more convenient. One of the great issues facing sensor node is the energy constraint due to only having a small battery as their energy. Efficiency of energy consumption and prolonging network lifetime are challenge. This survey paper aims to collect and classify contemporary approaches of effective energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.