Study of U-Slot Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure and Its Effect on Hexagonal Patch Antenna

This paper presents the analysis of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure using fractal geometry and simple mushroom type EBG and its effect on Hexagonal Patch antenna performance. The EBG structure attenuates the surface wave propagation in a specific frequency range. A new EBG structure is proposed to attenuate the surface wave better than 20 dB in frequency range from 3.1 GHz to 5.3 GHz. using this EBG structure, an antenna with center frequency of 3.8 GHz is designed. The bandwidth of this antenna is improved by 53.86 % in comparison to antenna without EBG. The simulated of radiation pattern with EBG exhibits reduction in backward radiation in comparison to radiation pattern without EBG.