Effects of Phase Difference in Dipole Phased-Array Antenna Above EBG Substrates on SAR

In this letter, we investigate the specific absorption rate (SAR) of a dipole phased-array antenna above an electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) substrate. A two-element array antenna above an EBG substrate is considered for fourth-generation mobile applications at the 3.5-GHz band. The computational results indicate that the use of an EBG substrate in a phased-array antenna can provide an SAR reduction of over 70%. The SAR reduction also depends on the phase difference of the phased-array antenna.