The multifacets of I2L: Exploiting a technique once assumed merely to encourage annoying parasitics, integrated injection logic is burgeoning

What once was regarded largely as a potentially troublesome parasitic problem — allowing devices to merge into the same semiconductor region of an integrated circuit (IC) — has blossomed into integrated-injection logic (I
²
L), a full-fledged bipolar technology able to compete with older, established technologies in the marketplace.