Application of cryogenics to electrical and electronic design

CRYOGENICS is a science concerned with the very-low-temperature environment, extending from a high of 77 K (degrees Kelvin), or —196 C (degrees centigrade), where liquid nitrogen (N) boils at standard pressure, down to absolute zero (0 K or —273 C). This region has come to be associated with rockets, many of which carry large quantities of liquefied hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) as propellants.