Antennas for electronic beam steering and focusing at millimeter wavelengths

This paper discusses the prospects of millimeter-wave beam steering antennas, such as tuneable high-impedance surface, dielectric rod waveguide with an integrated phase shifter, tuneable leaky-wave antenna, active reflectarray, and shaped lens antenna with an integrated switched feed array. In these antennas the necessary phase change for antenna elements can be achieved using various electronically tuneable elements, but in our case MEMS are used. Some early results of our investigations are presented.