Energy-efficient beacon-less protocol for WSN

Energy-efficient communication protocol is a primary design goal for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Many efforts have been done to save energy: MAC with duty cycle, energy-aware routing protocols, data aggregation schemes, etc. Recently, beacon-less strategies have emerged as new direction to improve considerably the WSN lifetime. However, the main contributions are not suitable to real radio environments because of hole avoiding strategies based on either planarization or explicit neighbor solicitations. We propose PFMAC (Pizza-Forwarding Medium Access Control), which combines beacon-less geo-routing and energy efficient MAC protocol via a cross-layer design to save more energy with higher reliability. PFMAC supports radio interferences, asymmetric radio links, etc. PFMAC supports a greedy forwarding strategy and, a reactive and optimized neighborhood discovery at 2-hop to deal with holes. Intensive simulations are proposed to highlight the behavior and the performance of PFMAC compared to BOSS over BMAC.