DNA encoding based feature extraction for biometric watermarking

The aim of this paper is to secure the digital code of a watermark (which is an offline handwritten signature) by using the characteristics of DNA. The watermarked image is embedded into the image as binary information and further encrypted as DNA sequences and these DNA sequences (after being grouped as tri - nucleotide sequences called codons) then attached to particular proteins or amino acids to enhance redundancy of our secret data. Similarly during decryption the DNA coded data is converted into binary by using base conversion and this binary information is then used to reform the hidden data.