Discrete Partitioning and Coverage Control for Gossiping Robots

We propose distributed algorithms to automatically deploy a team of mobile robots to partition and provide coverage of a nonconvex environment. To handle arbitrary nonconvex environments, we represent them as graphs. Our partitioning and coverage algorithm requires only short-range, unreliable pairwise “gossip” communication. The algorithm has two components: 1) a motion protocol to ensure that neighboring robots communicate at least sporadically and 2) a pairwise partitioning rule to update territory ownership when two robots communicate. By studying an appropriate dynamical system on the space of partitions of the graph vertices, we prove that territory ownership converges to a pairwise-optimal partition in finite time. This new equilibrium set represents improved performance over common Lloyd-type algorithms. Additionally, our algorithm is an "anytime algorithm'' that also scales well for large teams and can be run by on-board computers with limited resources. Finally, we report on large-scale simulations in complex environments and hardware experiments using the Player/Stage robot control system.