Design of a hybrid PV/UC/batteries system

This paper proposes a hybrid power system of electric vehicle (EV) based on photovoltaic (PV) cells/ultracapacitors (UC)/batteries. The research shows that the maximum power point of PV panel is tracked (MPPT) and the sharp current is reduced because of the combination of high power density of UC, also the performances of vehicle start-up are improved as a result.