WDM-PON in mobile backhaul

Summary form only given. The massive roll-out of mobile broadband, driven by tablets and smart phones, put tough requirements on the backhaul capacity which quickly become a bottleneck in the mobile networks. Means to increase capacity for different flavours of backhaul (copper, microwave and fiber) are currently being researched; for example vectorized and bonded DSL for copper, higher modulation and higher frequency bands for microwave. However, the ultimate choice for most high capacity scenarios is of course fiber with its virtually unlimited bandwidth. Today, fiber based backhaul solutions are primarily used in green field scenarios, or where fiber is already present as a legacy.